对婚前检查中不宜婚育者的随访调查

A Follow-up Study of 556 Couples Screened Out from the Premarital Medical Examination.

为了解婚前医学检查分类指导落实情况,对1988年4月～1993年12月经婚前医学检查为不宜婚配或婚后需采取避孕措施者进行随访调查。共调查不宜婚育者556对,其中结婚527对,婚后未采取避孕措施338对,占60.8％,分娩婴儿268例,其中有先天缺陷16例,出生缺陷率为59.7‰。结果表明本组婚前医学检查对象对医师提出的分类指导意见接受甚差,致使新生儿出生缺陷率比文献报道的6.72‰高8倍;影响了婚前医学检查的优生筛查作用。因此,要大力宣传婚前医学检查的意义,采取各种有效措施保障婚前医学检查分类指导意见的落实。

Objective: To learn the couples' acceptance of instructions given by premarital health care providers. Method: A historical prospective survey was made on 556 couples about their marital and reproductive results. These couples were from 916 couples who had premarital examinations in Shanghai from April 1988 to December 1993 and were considered as not suitable for the marriage and reproduction, and suggested taking contraceptive measures as necessary. Results: The survey snowed that among 556 couples 338(60.18%) married without taking any contraceptive measures. As the result 268 children were bom,including 16 infants born with birth defects.The rate of birth defects was 59.7‰. Conclusion : More than half of thd subjects in the survey poorly accepted the individualized instructions given by premarital health care providers, which resulted in the rate of birth defects 8 times higher than 6.72‰ reproted before. The poor acceptance affected the screening function of premarital medical examination. Therefore, the importance of premarital medical examination should be emphasized and all possible measures should be taken to ensure the couples to accept instructions.