共同体视阈下的新农村建设

Building a New Countryside from a Community Theory Perspective

在从传统向现代的社会转型过程中,农民必然面临着以工具理性为特征的现代"社会"对以归属感、安全感和确定性为特征的共同体的冲击,农民工就是典型的例子。为了应对"社会"的风险,农民工往往移植共同体到现代化的城市中以适应"社会"。新农村建设的意义之一正在于解决社会转型造成的心理困扰:尊重共同体的价值,通过改善交通条件和发展经济来改善农民的生活条件,增加共同体和外界的联系,使共同体接触到异质性因素,缩短共同体和"社会"的文化距离,进而缓解共同体和"社会"的冲突。

In the process of transformation from traditional to modern agriculture,farmers naturally feel the impact of modern ″society″（characterized by instrumental rationality）on the community（characterized by a sense of security,certainty and belonging）.A typical example is the rural migrant worker,who adjusts to ″the society″ by transplanting his ″community″ into urban life.The significance of building a new countryside is that it may improve farmers＇ living conditions through the development of transportation and economy and bring respect to the value of the community.At the same time,it may strengthen the ties between the community and the outside,thus bringing the community into contact with heterogeneous elements,narrowing cultural distance and alleviating conflicts between community and society.