蓖麻油快速甲酯化方法及其脂肪酸含量分析

Castor Oil:Improved Methyl Esterification and Fatty Acid Composition

对40份蓖麻品种蓖麻籽的百粒重、出仁率、含油率、不同脂肪酸含量及蓖麻油快速甲酯化方法进行了研究。结果表明：不同品种蓖麻籽的百粒重、含油率及主要脂肪酸蓖麻油酸的含量差别较大。百粒重变化范围为：21．42—86．77g，出仁率较为集中，均在72．61％-79．48％之间，含油率变化范围为：45．72％。57．48％；蓖麻油主要合有蓖麻油酸、油酸、亚油酸及少量的棕榈酸、硬脂酸，蓖麻油酸、油酸、亚油酸的变化范围依次为：81．46％-90．24％、2．83％～6．13％、4．29％-7．82％，棕榈酸、硬脂酸含量均为1％左右；蓖麻油快速甲酯化条件为：蓖麻油用量（〈70mg），KOH—CH3OH浓度0．5mol／L，用量0．2mL，室温下甲酯化2min。

Forty kinds of castor beans were used to examine the value ranges of following indexes： 100 - seed weight, nucleolus rate, oil content and fatty acid contents; and an improved method for rapid methyl esterification of castor oil was tested. Results show that the values of 100- seed weight, oil content and ricinoleic acid content are quite various among the samples; the value range of the indexes are 100- seed weight 21.42 - 86.77 g, nucleolus rate 72.61% - 79.48%, and oil content 45.72 % -57.48 %. Castor oil mainly consists of ricinoleic acid, oleic acid and linolic acid; the content range of ricinoleic acid, oleic acid, and linohc acid is respectively 81.46% - 90.24%, 2.83 % - 6.13 %, and 4.29 % - 7.82% ; in addition, the contents of palmitinic acid and stearinic acid are both about 1%. The conditions for rapid methyl esterification of castor oil are castor oil 〈 70 mg, 0.5 M KOH- CH3OH solution 0.2 mL, and reaction time 2 min at room temperature.