消费主义和“同志”空间：都市生活的另类欲望地图

Consumerism and Tongzhi Space:The Routing of Alternative Desires in Urban Life

基于对在成都市同性恋社区中桑拿、酒吧和健身房等"同志"商业性场所的民族志研究,本文以列斐伏尔的"空间的生产"的视角,探讨了在目前中国都市消费革命的推动下,作为新的"差异空间"的"同志"空间的生产和发展。笔者认为,市场经济和消费主义的兴起,使传统上属于私人领域的同性恋问题被置于属于公共范畴的市场经济之中,并赢得了新的社会合法性。虽然仍然面临诸多来自国家和社会的压制,但"同志"人群公共空间的拓展,从一个侧面反映了消费革命所带来的"解放"和"自由"。这些商业性场所是"同志"社区的重要组成部分,通过参与社区的活动,同志人群在性、语言、兴趣和价值观念等方面彼此认同,构成了后来"同志运动"得以发展的文化基础。

Based on an ethnographic study of such tongzhi businesses as saunas,bars and gyms in Chengdu's gay community,this paper discusses the emergence and development of the new 'deviated space' or 'tongzhi space' driven by the consumer revolution in contemporary Chinese cities from Lefebvre's perspective of 'production of space'.The author argues that the rise of market economy and consumerism has pushed the issue of homosexuality out of the private sphere to the public market economy.Homosexuality has thus earned its social legitimacy for the first time.Although still facing repression from the state and the mainstream society,the expansion of the gay(tongzhi) population's public space nevertheless reflects on one facet the 'liberation' and 'freedom' enabled by the ongoing consumer revolution.The commercial places are an important part of the tongzhi community.By partaking in the community activities,the homosexuals identify with one another in sexuality,language,interests,and values,having thus constructed the cultural basis for the tongzhi movement.