969例院前急救创伤患者的流行病学研究

Analysis of epidemiology in 969 trauma patients

目的 探讨院前急救创伤患者的流行病学特征，提高救治水平。方法回顾分析我院2007-11—11～2008—11—11院前急救的969例创伤患者致病原因及临床特点。结果男女之比为2．47：1；年龄1～95岁；20—49年龄段67．24％，受伤原因：交通伤44．58％，斗殴伤14．04％，跌伤10．0I％，坠落伤3．3％；创伤部位的前四位依次是头部（36．5％）、四肢（29．1％）、腰部（7．43％）、胸部（2．48％）和脊柱（2．48％）；死亡率1．34％，交通伤是最主要的死因。结论创伤尤其是交通伤是当今威胁人类健康的严重问题。应加强交通法规的宣传和教育，提高人们的交通安全意识。控制救治反应时间，实施有效的现场急救技术，完善急救及转运设备，加强医疗急救网络建设是提高创伤救治成功率的关键。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics among 969 trauma patients and summarize preventing strategies. Methods The reasons of trauma patients from November 2007 to November 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. Results In all of the patients, the ratio of male and female was 2. 47 ： 1. The age of the patients was from 1 to 95 years. Most of the patients ranged from 20 -49 years old （ 67.24% ） ; The accidents were： traffic accidents （ 44. 58% ） , fights （ 14.04% ） , falls （ 10. 01% ） , falling injuries （ 3.3% ） . The four frequent injury sites were head （ 36. 5% ） , extremity （29. 1% ） ,waist（7.43% ） ,chest（2.48%） and spinal（2. 48% ）. The mortality was 1.34% ,traffic accidents were the most important cause for death. Conclusion Trauma,especially traffic accident injury is a serious problem threatening the health and life on human being. Therefore, we should improve the consciousness of traffic safety and obeying the traffic regulation by extensive education programs. In order to improve the successful rate of trauma resuscitation ,it is important to control responsive time on site , to practice on site effective first - aid measures , to equip transport facilities as well as enforce the emergency medical service system.