山地景观垂直分异研究进展

Vertical zonation of mountain landscape:A review

山地景观的垂直梯度大约是水平梯度的1000倍,仅利用景观格局指数很难反映垂直梯度上的规律性.山地垂直带是表征景观垂直分异的经典地学模型,在地理学和生态学研究中具有不可忽视的地位,但表达模式的离散性、垂直带界线的不准确性等限制了其在准确描述局域尺度景观格局、解释生态过程方面的作用.本文总结了有关山地垂直带的国内外研究现状和存在的问题,提出利用现代信息技术建立全方位的、连续的"山地景观信息图谱",同时论述了构建山地景观信息图谱的思路、进展和展望,对于准确描述山地景观格局并解释特定的生态过程等具有一定的参考价值,有望促进山地生态学研究方法的进一步完善.

Vertical gradient of mountain landscape is about 1000 times of its horizontal gradient, and hence, only using landscape pattern index is quite difficult to reflect the landscape regularity along vertical gradient. Mountain altitudinal belt is a kind of classic geographic models representing the vertical differentiation of landscape, being of significance in geographic and ecological researches. However, the discrete expression pattern and the inaccuracy of the borderlines of mountain vertical belts limit the roles of mountain vertical belt in accurately describing landscape pattern in regional scale and in explaining ecological processes. This paper reviewed the research progress and existing problems on mountain altitudinal belt, put forward a suggestion of using modern information technology to establish a comprehensive and continuous mountain landscape information chart, and discussed the framework and prospect of the establishment of the chart, which would have reference value for accurately describing mountain landscape pattern and explaining specific ecological processes, and promote the further improvement of the methodology for mountain ecological research.