埃及高等教育所面临的挑战及应对之策

The Challenges Facing Egyptian Higher Education and Countermeasures

埃及是阿拉伯世界高等教育比较发达的国家,相继培养出多位诺贝尔奖获得者。20世纪八十年代中后期,在埃及较早进入高等教育大众化阶段的同时,其高等教育系统也面临着许多严重的问题与挑战,如高等教育中央集权管理体制与大学自治的矛盾,以世俗教育和宗教教育为中心的双轨教育体制所带来的不平等和混乱等。针对其高等教育的历史与现状,埃及政府坚持实施教育兴国的现代化发展战略,积极探索应对之道,努力摆脱困境。但如何使教育和经济社会协调发展,依然是摆在埃及政府面前的一道难题。

Egypt which has more advanced higher education in the Arab world has cultivated several Nobel Prize winners. The last century in the late 1980s, Egypt had early realized higher education popularity while many serious problems and challenges are facing its higher education system. Such as the contradiction between centralized management system of higher education and University autonomy, as well as the confusion and inequality which are brought about by two paralleling education system： the secular system and the religious ,or Al-Azhar system. Facing its history and current situation of higher education, Egyptian government persists in implementing the education development strategy to explore the way to cope with and get rid of dilemma. However, it is still a difficult problem for Egyptian government to realize the coordination between education and economy society.