自然杀伤T细胞与妊娠期免疫耐受

Natural Killer T Cells and Immune Tolerance in Pregnancy

自然杀伤T细胞(NKT细胞)是一类特殊的T细胞,既可以表达T细胞表面标志,又可以表达自然杀伤细胞表面标志,能识别由白细胞分化抗原1d(CD1d)提呈的抗原,并通过调节细胞因子的分泌影响辅助性T细胞1型(Th1)/Th2平衡,广泛参与免疫调节。妊娠是一种成功的半同种移植,正常妊娠妇女体内存在Th2偏倚,免疫平衡在维持正常妊娠和分娩发动中发挥重要作用。在一些病理妊娠如复发性流产、妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症、妊娠期高血压疾病等中,越来越多的研究集中于免疫平衡发生的变化,认为NKT细胞对免疫平衡的影响在妊娠期起着重要作用。

Natural killer T lymphocytes （NKT cells） belong to a especial class of T cells, which can express both T cell surface marker and natural killer cell （NK） surface marker. NKT cells can identify the antigens presented by leukocyte differentiation antigen （CDId） and influence the balance between T helper cell type I （Th1） and Th2 by regulating the secretion of cytokines. NKT cells participate in the immune regulation generally. Pregnancy is a successful semi-allogeneic transplantation. Th2-dominance exists in normal pregnant women. Immune balance plays important roles in the maintenance of normal pregnancy and delivery launching. Recent studies have concentrated on the roles of immune balance in some pathologic pregnancies, including recurrent spontaneous abortion, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, gestational hypertension. And these studies show that the effects of NKT cells on immune balance play important roles in pregnancy.