广西应用原代地鼠肾细胞狂犬病疫苗效果研究

A Study on Efficacy of Rabies Vaccine Prepared by Primary Hamster Kidney Cells in Guangxi

目的总结广西壮族自治区１６年（１９８０～１９９５年）应用原代地鼠肾细胞狂犬病疫苗的保护效果，观察浓缩疫苗和建立犬伤门诊的加强保护作用。方法对各地上报疫情资料进行汇总核实，并进行现场流行病学调查和疫苗接种抗体水平的测定。结果随着增加接种疫苗量、普遍建立犬伤门诊、及时处理伤口和应用浓缩疫苗，狂犬病发病率由１９８１年的２４６／１０万，下降到１９９５年的００４／１０万。结论原代地鼠肾细胞疫苗有良好保护作用，初期伤口的处理及应用浓缩疫苗，可加强保护效果。浓缩疫苗保护效果虽较好，仍是粗制品，为避免过敏原的副作用，建议加强纯化疫苗的研究和应用。

Objective To study the efficacy of postexposure use of concentrated rabies vaccine prepared by primary hamster kidney cells during the past 16 years (1980～1995) in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the role of ambulant care for the victims injured by dogbite. Methods Data of rabies incidence notified from all the prefectures and cities in Guangxi were summarized and corroborated, field studies were conducted and rabies antibodies were determined. Results Incidence of rabies fell to 0.04 per ten thousand in 1995 from 2.46 per ten thousand in 1981 with increased use of postexposure rabies immunization with concentrated vaccine and intime treatment for dogbite wounds in the widespread ambulant care settings. Conclusion Rabies vaccine prepared by primary hamster kidney cells has good efficacy in protection from rabies and early and intime treatment for dogbite wounds could enhance their protective effects. It is suggested that concentrated vaccine be purified to avoid adverse effects caused by its allergen.