上海市肺结核患者并发糖尿病的流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis patients complicated with diabetes in Shanghai

目的了解上海市肺结核患者并发糖尿病的流行病学趋势及特征。方法研究对象为１９９２～１９９７年全市新登记肺结核患者。统计并发糖尿病肺结核患者的构成比和新登记率。结果并发糖尿病肺结核患者新登记率从１９９２年的０．７０／１０万上升至１９９７年的２．１０／１０万，年递增率达到２４．５７％，占患者总数的构成比从１．６４％上升至４．８６％。地区间存在显著差异，构成比和新登记率市区高于郊区，郊区高于郊县。并发比例随着年龄的增大而增加，女性高于男性。与一般患者比较，并发糖尿病患者的痰菌阳性率高达４８％，Ⅲ型患者比例高达８６％，而且Ⅲ和Ⅳ型患者中有空洞的比例也高达３３％，均存在显著性差异。复发比例也以并发患者较高。结论糖尿病对上海市的结核病疫情影响显著，应加强对肺结核患者的糖尿病的诊断。

Objective To understand the epidemiological trends and characteristics of tuberculosis patients complicated with diabetes in Shanghai. Method All the registered tuberculosis (TB) cases from 1992 to 1997 in Shanghai were included in the analysis. The new registration rates and percentages of TB cases complicated with diabetes were calculated. Result The new registration rate of the cases increased from 0.70/100 000 in 1992 to 2.10/100 000 in 1997 with an annual increase rate of 24.57%. The cases with the complication accounted for 4.86% in 1997. Diabetes tends to be more prevalent among TB patients in urban area. The greater the age, the more diabetes were found in TB patients. A significant difference was also observed between sex. Bacillary positive rate and percentage of infiltration type were higher, and cavity was more common in cases with the complication. The percentage of cases with relapse was also higher. Conclusion The complication of diabetes significantly affected the epidemiological trend of TB in Shanghai. The diagnosis of diabetes in TB patients should be enforced, and shortcourse chemotherapy targeting the cases should be investigated.