黄壤土天然粘土砂湿型铸造工艺的应用研究

Application of Green Sand Casting Process of Yellow Loam Natural Clay-Bonded Sand

当前铸造业所应用的粘土煤粉砂湿型铸造污染大、消耗量多、铸件表面质量差,不适应当前节能降耗减排的产业政策,探索资源节约型绿色铸造工艺具有重要的现实意义。黄壤土天然粘土砂是由黄壤土和矿渣混制而成的型砂,与传统的粘土煤粉砂相比,它在铸铁件的初步生产实践中表现出一系列优点:型砂可循环使用,废砂排放量少;铸件表面不粘砂,尺寸精度高,表面粗糙度低,生产效率高;砂源丰富可就地取材,生产能耗低。为实现黄壤土天然粘土砂湿型铸造工艺的大批量应用,作者用正交试验法,研究了不同种类黄壤土、不同矿渣及水分含量的粘土砂在缝纫机电机壳铸造生产中的适用性,并测试型砂强度、透气性等工艺性能。在此基础上,利用所得配方和工艺,在工厂进行了大批量生产,取得了明显的效果。

At present, the foundry industry that applied green sand casting with pulverized coal clay bonded sand has suffered severe pollution, high consumption, and poor quality of casting surface, which is not in accordance with the current industrial policy of energy-saving and consumption-reducing. Thus, to explore a resource-conserving green casting process has great practical significance. Natural yellow loam clay bonded sand is composed of yellow loam and slag, compared with pulverized coal clay bonded sand, it shows a series of advantages in production of cast iron such as the recycle using of molding sand and less emission of waste sand; no penetration or burn on in the casting＇s surface, high dimensional accuracy, low surface roughness and high productivity; the sand is rich in resource and can be obtained from the local areas. In order to achieve large-scale applications of natural yellow loam clay-bonded sand green casting process, the applicability of molding sand with different kinds of yellow loam, different contents of slag and moisture in the production of motor shell casting of sewing machine has been investigated on the basis of the orthogonal test method. Process performances of molding sand such as strength, permeability were tested. The obtained formula and technology are applied to the mass production in factories, and significant results have been achieved.