列宁对恩格斯国家理论的实践反思

Lenin's Reflection on Engels State Theory

恩格斯是将国家服务性和国家权威性联系起来并作出辩证理解与说明的第一人。恩格斯视国家权威性向压迫性异化为国家的"祸害",认为巴黎公社的革命性措施有力地避免了历史上不断重复的国家职能蜕变。列宁将恩格斯的国家理论付诸实践,在苏维埃国家建设中,创造性地继承和发展了恩格斯的国家理论。列宁提出:建立国家管理专门队伍,保持国家管理机关相对稳定;国家机关工作人员应该永不间断地学习,持续提高思想业务素质;加强对公务员的监督监察,防止"社会公仆变为社会主人"。列宁对恩格斯国家理论的实践反思,至今仍然是值得借鉴的宝贵财富。

Engels is the first of person who makes a link and description of the dialectical understanding of a national service and national authority. He considered the national authority to the oppression of the state of alienation as a ＂scourge＂, thought that the revolutionary measures of Paris Commune has effectively avoided the duplication of the metamorphosis of the state functions. Lenin put his theory on nation into practice and inherited creatively the theory when building the nation of Soviet. He took many a measure to strengthen his state theory.