电动汽车动力电池仓拓扑优化

Topology optimization of power battery cabin in electric vehicle

提出基于拓扑优化的动力电池仓结构设计方法。在拓扑优化建模中,采用基于SIMP插值函数的变密度拓扑优化方法。对某型电动汽车动力电池仓进行拓扑优化设计中考虑结构可制造性等因素,构建了优化型的电池仓结构模型;利用有限元技术对新型结构与传统结构进行对比分析,保证结构方案的可靠性。通过控制最小尺寸和网格尺寸可以有效避免拓扑优化中数值不稳定现象的出现;在满足强度要求的前提下,能够实现的新结构质量较传统型的质量有较大幅度的减少,且应力分布更加均匀,有效实现等强度结构设计。

A new methodology for the electric vehicle（EV） power battery cabin design was presented based on the topology optimization. In the modeling of topology optimization, the variable density method was used on the basis of the SIMP（solid isotropic material penalization） based interpolation function. In the topology optimization for the power battery cabin of a certain EV, taking the cabin manufacturability into account, a structure model of the optimized battery cabin was built. The optimized structure was compared with the conventional structure using the finite element analysis to ensure the reliability of the new structure. The numerical instability in the topology optimization was avoided effectively by controlling the structure minimum size and mesh size. The battery cabin designed by the proposed topology optimization method is lighter in mass than the conventional structure at the equivalent mechanical strength. The stress distribution in the new structure appears more uniform, it is superior in realization of iso-strength design.