沙蜇毒素的提取及溶血活性分析

Extraction of Stomopholus meleagris L. Agassig venom and the analysis of its hemolytic activities

目的血栓形成是引发严重心脑血管疾病的病理基础，溶栓药物可消除血栓并减轻并发症。本研究从生物组织中提取分离的具有溶血活性的物质，有望成为有效的溶栓制剂，为血栓的治疗提供新方法。方法通过海水自溶、离心、低温研磨等方法从沙蜇触手的刺丝囊中提取沙蜇毒素，对沙蜇毒素提取液进行分离纯化，测定了毒素的溶血活性并绘制溶血曲线；深入研究了温度、介质的pH值对其溶血潘陛的影响。结果研究证实：沙蛰毒素具有很强的溶血活性，且对温度敏感，其活性受pH变化影响很大。粗毒素提取液分离出性能完全不同的2个组分，其中仅第一组分有溶血活性，第二组分未检测到溶血活性。结论研究结果提示沙蛰毒素有望用于改善生物材料的抗血栓性能。

Objective Formation of blood clots is the pathological basis which induces a number of serious cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Thrombolytic drugs can eliminate clots and reduce the complications. In this paper, a new material with hemolytic activities which might provide a new therapeutic approach for the thrombus treatment was extracted from biological tissue. Methods Nematocyst venom was extracted from the tentacle of Stomopholus melesgris L.Agassig using the methods of autolysis in sterile seawater, eentrifugation and mortar grinding at low temperature. The concentration-associated hemolytic curve was obtained by spectrophotometric method, with HU50 measured. The effects of temperature, pH value were studied. The extracted crude venom was purified and separated through column chromatography with the hemolytic activity of each peak fraction under different pH value being measured. Results As proved by this research, venom of Stomopholus melesgris L.Agassig held relatively high hemolytic activity which was temperature sensitive and highly influenced by pH value. After separation, two different fractions were collected with one of them showed detectable hemolytic activity while the other one did not. Conclusion Results of the study indicates that nematocyst venom may have promising applications in improving the antithrombotic property of biomaterials.