综合性医院医院感染调查

Nosocomial Infection Investigation in a General Hospital

目的了解住院患者医院感染的特点,制定有效的医院感染管理措施。方法对医院2003-2006年160795份住院病历按入院时基础疾病根据ICD10疾病分类方法进行分类,采用前瞻性和回顾性相结合的方法调查医院感染情况。结果医院感染率为4.69%;其中血液系统疾病医院感染率最高,为15.43%;感染部位主要以呼吸系统感染为主,上呼吸道感染占35.34%,下呼吸道感染占28.22%,胃肠道感染占6.82%,以腹腔内组织感染为最低,占3.75%;医院感染病原菌中,以G-菌为主,占58.35%,真菌感染17.09%,在各类病原菌感染中居首位。结论加强重点疾病的防控工作,规范消毒隔离措施,提高标本送检率,根据药敏试验合理使用抗菌药物,减少医院感染率。

OBJECTIVE To explore the characteristic of nosocomial infection and formulate the effective measures of nosocomial infection management. METHODS According to the underlying disease condition and method ICD10, the infection data were to classifed and colleced which including of 160 795 cases during 2003-2006. Then the prospective and retrospective investigation were done for studying the nosocomial infection condition. RESULTS The nosocomial infection rate was 4. 69%. The highest infection rate was caused by hematological disease （15.43%）. By site of infection the upper respiratory infection rate was 35.34%, the lower respiratory infection rate was 28.22%, the gastrointestinal infection rate was 6.82%, and the intra-abdominal infection was 3.75%. In these infection cases, G- bacteria infection occupied 58. 35% （which ranked No. 1 in all pathogens）, and the fungal infection occupied 17. 09%. CONCLUSIONS In order to reduce the infection rate, we must enhance the work of preventing the key diseases, standard the measures of disinfection and isolation, increaseing the quarantine inspection rate and applying antibiotic according to the results of antifugal susceptibility testing.