2006-2008年呼吸道标本非发酵菌的分类及耐药变迁

Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance and Classification in Non-fermenting Bacteria Isolated from Lower Respiratory Tract for 3 Consecutive Years

目的了解医院呼吸道标本非发酵菌感染的菌群分类及药敏检测情况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法对医院2006年1月-2008年12月呼吸道标本分离出的2177株非发酵菌,采用法国生物梅里埃公司API-20NE进行细菌鉴定及K-B纸片扩散法进行药敏试验分析,用WHONET5.4软件分析药敏结果。结果在分离出的2177株非发酵菌中,铜绿假单胞菌分离率最高占34.9%,其次为鲍氏不动杆菌占28.4%,嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌占11.4%,检出的非发酵菌对所监测的抗菌药物均有不同程度的耐药。结论非发酵菌的检出率高,且呈多药耐药趋势,临床治疗应根据药敏试验合理使用抗菌药物,以提高感染的治愈率,同时对于减少耐药菌株的发生具有重要意义。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and resistance of non-fermenting bacteria isolated from our hospital and offer the basis for the treatment of bacterial infection. METHODS Totally 2177 strains of nonfermenting bacteria were isolated from clinical sputum samples between Jan 2006 and Dec 2008. All of the isolated bacteria were identified with API identified test （API Inc, France） and Kirby-Bauer （K-B） test used for the antibiotics susceptive test. RESULTS From them the most common bacteria were Pseudornonas auruginosa （34.9% ）, followed by Acinetobacter baumannii （28. 4 % ） and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia （11.4%）. These bacteria had various resistances to the tested antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS Non-fermenting bacteria have high isolate rate and multi-antibiotic resistance, so antibiotics should be correctly used under the guidance of antibiotic susceptibility test.