荧光原位杂交技术在膀胱癌诊断中的应用

Detection of Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization

目的应用染色体特异性探针对尿脱落细胞进行FISH分析膀胱移行细胞癌的染色体畸变。方法选用3、7、9、17号染色体特异性探针对50例膀胱移行细胞癌患者尿液的脱落细胞进行荧光原位杂交研究,并同时做细胞学检查。结果膀胱癌患者尿液脱落细胞中3、7、9、17号染色体数目畸变阳性率分别为28%、32%、56%和38%,其中9号染色体畸变率较高,但与膀胱癌的分级无明显相关关系;3、7和17号染色体数目畸变与膀胱癌的分期密切相关。结论膀胱癌的发生发展与染色体的畸变有关,应用FISH检测膀胱癌患者尿液细胞染色体数目畸变,可以作为膀胱癌诊断、预后判断的一项辅助方法,该方法具有快速、准确、灵敏度高的优点。

OBJECTIVE To study the molecular cytogenetic alterations of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder with exfoliated cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） analysis of chromosome-specific probes. METHODS FISH was performed using 3, 7, 9 and 17 of chromosome-specific probes to examine chromosome aberration of exfoliated cells in 50 urine samples from patients with transitional cell urinary bladder carcinoma. RESULTS The frequency of numerical aberration of chromosomes 3, 7, 9 and 17 was 28%, 32%, 56% and 38% in urinary exfoliated cells, respectively. Loss of chromosome 9 was the most common finding, but it was not correlated with pathological grade of cancer and stage of the disease. Abnormality of chromosomes 3, 7 and 17 was associated with the clinical stage. CONCLUSIONS A number of chromosome aberrations are detected in transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder by FISH technique which provides a basis for further understanding of its molecular pathogenesis. It is a rapid, accurate and very sensitive method and can be used in clinical diagnosis.