整枝方式对日光温室甜椒(彩色)光合特性及干物质分配的影响

Effect of Pruned Methods on Photosynthesis and Distribution Pattern of Assimilate of Sweet Pepper in Solar Greenhouse

研究了不同整枝方式下(双干整枝、三干整枝、四干整枝),日光温室彩色甜椒不同叶位叶片光合、蒸腾作用参数的变化及其植株不同器官干物质的分配规律。结果表明,3种整枝方式下,叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(G s)、气孔限制值(Ls)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和单叶水分利用效率(WUE)随叶位的降低而下降,其中Pn的下降是非气孔限制的结果。与双干整枝相应叶位比较,三干整枝、四干整枝的上位叶、中位叶具有较高的Tr和较低的WUE;三干整枝、四干整枝的下位叶的Tr小于双干整枝下位叶,但WUE高于双干整枝。3种整枝方式下全株中果实的干物质分配比例均为最高,达50.88%～60.26%,其次为茎和叶,向根的分配比例最低。三干整枝和四干整枝的单株产量和单果质量显著高于双干整枝。

This paper studied the effects of 3 pruned methods （2 stems, 3 stems and 4 stems pruned method） on photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, transpiration and distribution pattern of assimilate. The result showed that net photosynthetic rate （ Pn）, stomatal conductance （ Gs）, stomatal limitation value （Ls）, transpiration rate （Tr） and water use efficiency （WUE） were in upper leaves 〉 in middle leaves 〉 in lower leaves under 3 pruned methods. In middle or lower leaves the decrease of Pn was considered as a result of non-stomata restriction. Compared with 2 stems pruned method, the Tr in upper or middle leaves, and WUE in lower leaves of 3 or 4 stems pruned method increased. Under 3 pruned methods, the distribution pattern of assimilate to fruits was the highest, the next was to stems and leaves, and the distribution of assimilate to root was the lowest. Compared with 2 stems pruned method, per plant yield and weight of single fruit of sweet pepper were significantly increased under 3 or 4 stems pruned method.