休闲体育行为发展阶段动机因素的理论研究

Theoretical Study on Motivation of the Leisure Sport Behavior Stage

基于阶段变化理论和自我决定理论,对休闲体育行为发展阶段的动机因素进行分析。研究认为,个体的休闲体育行为是一个动态的阶段变化过程,其发展变化可划分为5个阶段:前意向阶段、意向阶段、准备阶段、行动阶段、保持阶段。处于不同的阶段,其动机因素也各不相同:个体没有达到动机阈限,处于无动机状态,主要表现在休闲体育行为前意向阶段;个体达到动机阈限,外部调节和内摄调节发生作用,主要表现在休闲体育行为意向阶段;个体达到自主阈限,进入认同调节和整合调节,成为休闲体育行为准备和行动阶段的主要驱力;个体达到内部回报阈限,就会激发内部动机,主要作用于休闲体育行为保持阶段。

Based on transtheoretical model and self-determination theory, this paper analyzes the motivations of the leisure sport behavior stage. The development variety of leisure sport behavior can be divided into five stages： precontemplation stage, contemplation stage, preparation stage, action stage and maintenance stage. There are different motivations in different stage of leisure sport behavior. A motivation is main in precontemplation stage, external regulation and introjected regulation are main in contemplation stage, identified regulation and integrated regulation are main in preparation stage and action stage, intrinsic regulation are main in maintenance stage.