早产儿外周血淋巴细胞亚群分布的研究

Study on distributions of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in premature

目的探讨早产儿外周血淋巴细胞亚群分布及与胎龄、出生体质量关系。方法检测生后2 h内胎龄28～34周(A组)、34～37周(B组)早产儿及足月新生儿外周血淋巴细胞亚群CD3+、CD3+CD4+、CD3+CD8+、CD4+/CD8+、CD19+、CD(16+56)+分布情况。结果早产儿CD3+CD4+明显高于足月儿,CD3+CD8+、CD19+、CD(16+56)+均明显低于足月儿,差异有统计学意义(P值分别为0.002,0.002,0.036,0.0001);A组CD3+明显高于B组,CD19+、CD(16+56)+明显低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P值分别为0.015,0.025,0.0006);新生儿CD4+/CD8+与胎龄、出生体质量的相关系数分别为0.45和0.48(P值均<0.01);CD(16+56)+百分比与胎龄、出生体质量的相关系数分别为0.53和0.58(P值均<0.01)。结论早产儿淋巴细胞免疫功能低于足月儿;胎龄越小、出生体质量越低,其细胞免疫功能越不成熟;新生儿外周血CD4+/CD8+、CD(16+56)+百分比与胎龄、出生体质量有一定的相关性。

Objective To study the distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and the correlation between lymphocyte subsets and gestational age,and birth weight in premature.Methods Peripheral blood of premature infant at gestational age（GA） 28-34 weeks（Group A）,34-37 weeks（Group B） and full term infant within 2 hour after birth were used to measure and observe the distributions of lymphocyte subsets CD3＋,CD3＋CD4＋,CD3＋CD8＋,CD19＋,CD（16＋56）＋.Results Ratio of CD3＋CD4＋ in premature were significantly higher than that of term infant. Ratio of CD3 ＋ CD8 ＋ , CD19 ＋ , CD （ 16 ＋ 56 ） ＋ in premature was significantly lower than that of term infant （P =0. 002, 0. 002, 0. 036 and 0. 0001 respectively）. Ratio of lymphocyte subsets CD3 ＋ in Group A was higher than that of Group B, Ratio of CD19 ＋ , CD（16 ＋56） ＋ was significantly lower than that of Group B （P = 0. 015,0. 025,0. 006 respectively）. The coefficient of CD4 ＋/CD8 ＋ with gestational age, and with birth weight were 0. 45 and 0. 48 respectively （P 〈0. 01, each）. The coefficient of ratio of CD（ 16 ＋ 56） ＋ with gestational age, and birth weight were 0. 53 and 0. 58 respectively （P 〈 0. 01, each）. Conclusion The lymphocyte immune function of premature was lower than that of the normal term infant. The smaller the GA and birth weight, the more immature of the cell immune function. There was a correlation between lymphocyte subsets CD4 ＋/CD8 ＋ ,ratio of CD（ 16 ＋ 56） ＋ with gestational age, and birth weight in newborn respectively.