北京市顺义区2006～2008年围产儿出生缺陷调查

Survey on Perinatal Birth Defects in Shunyi District of Beijing from 2006 to 2008

目的:了解近3年顺义区围产儿出生缺陷发生情况及其特征,分析不同户籍类型对出生缺陷发生可能产生的影响,探寻降低该地区出生缺陷发生的干预措施。方法:根据各医院报表汇总资料,在顺义区出生的围产儿中发生缺陷儿进行回顾性统计分析。结果:2006～2008年顺义区出生18 950例围产儿,缺陷儿283例,缺陷发生率有逐年上升趋势,但无统计学差异。3年中出生缺陷前4位疾病均为先天性心脏病、指趾畸形、唇(腭)裂和神经管畸形。2006年本区常住与流动人口出生缺陷发生率有显著性差异。常住人口出生缺陷儿孕母文化程度和经济水平均高于流动人口。三年来流动人口神经管畸形的发生高于常住人口。常住人口>35岁孕妇出生缺陷有增高趋势。结论:户籍类型和孕母年龄对出生缺陷有一定的影响,应采取相应干预措施以降低该区缺陷儿的出生率。

Objective： To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of perinatal birth defects in Shunyi district of Beijing from 2006 to 2008, analyze the potential influences of different types of household registration on the occurrence of perinatal birth defects, and explore intervention measures to lower the level of birth defects. Methods ： Retrospective statistical analysis was performed among the infants with birth defects according to the data collected from each hospital of Shunyi district. Resuits： 283 cases with birth defects were identified from 18,950 infants in Shunyi district from 2006 to 2008. The incidences of birth defects showed an upward trend year after year, but there were no statistical differences. The top four birth defect diseases during the past 3 years were congenital heart disease, finger and toe deformities, cleft lip and palate, and neural tube defects. There was significant difference of the incidence of birth defects between local and floating population in 2006. The maternal educational level and economic income of local infants with birth defects were higher than that of floating population. The incidences of neural tube defects among floating population were higher than local population during the past 3 years. The incidence of birth defects showed an increasing trend among local pregnant women （ 〉 35 years old）. Conclusion： The types of household registration and maternal age have certain impacts on perinatal birth defects. Corresponding intervention measures should be taken to lower the incidences of birth defects in this district.