胚胎肢芽提取物对周围神经损伤后脊髓前角运动神经元的保护作用

Protective Effect of Embryonic Limb Buds Extract on Motor Neurons in Anterior Horn of Spinal Cord After Sciatic Nerve Injury

目的研究周围神经损伤后脊髓前角运动神经元内酶学的变化，并探索从大鼠胚胎肢芽中提取的活性物质（ＥＬＢＥ）对神经元的保护作用。方法切断大鼠坐骨神经，在近端套接单盲端硅胶管囊，单纯损伤组囊内注满等渗盐水，保护组内注满ＥＬＢＥ。分别于术后１、４天，１、２、３、４周定量测量每克脊髓组织内乙酰胆碱脂酶（ＡｃｈＥ）和酸性磷酸酶（ＡＣＰ）的含量。结果ＡｃｈＥ于损伤后１天开始下降，２周降至最低，以后逐渐回升；ＡＣＰ于损伤后１天开始升高，１周升至最高，以后逐渐下降；用ＥＬＢＥ处理的动物上述两种酶变化的幅度较小，整个过程也比较平稳。结论ＥＬＢＥ能通过缓冲神经损伤后神经元内酶学的变化，起到保护神经元的作用，从而减轻神经元损伤的程度，减少神经元死亡的数量，有利于神经再生。

Aim To study the enzymic change and protection with embryonic limb buds extract (ELBE) of the motor neurons in anterior horn of spinal cord after the sciatic nerve injury. Methods Sixty-eight SD rats were freely divided into 2 groups, then transected the sciatic nerve with a single blind silicone tube which was filled with normal saline (N/S) in the single injury group, and with ELBE in the protection group which could be locally applied to the proximal nerve stump lasting 4 weeks. Activities of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in ventral spinal cord of SD rats were quantitatively measured in 1st day, 4th day, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week and 4th week after the sciatic nerve injury. Results The rats treated with N/S showed AchE decreased 1 day after the nerve transection, reached its lowest point in 2 weeks, then recovered gradually; ACP increased 1 day after the nerve injury, and reached peak in 1 week, then recovered gradually; The rats protected with ELBE showed relatively smooth change of the two kinds of enzymes. Conclusion ELBE can protect the motor neurons in anterior horn of spinal cord through resisting the change of AchE and ACP.