采用无容器凝固技术研究过冷熔体热物理性质

Investigating Thermodynamic Properties of Undercooled Melts Using Containerless Solidification Techniques

深过冷是获得特殊性能亚稳材料的一种非常重要的手段,采用无容器凝固技术可以在较低的冷却速度下实现并保持较长时间熔体的深过冷,使过冷熔体热物理性质参数的测量成为可能。介绍了电磁悬浮、助熔剂处理等几种常用的无容器凝固技术,阐述了它们在测量过冷熔体比热容等热物理性质方面的应用,同时综述了过冷状态下熔体比热容等热物理性质的研究现状,并展望了今后的发展趋势。

Deep undercooling is an all-important method of formatting new metastable materials with particular properties. Using containerless solidification techniques, deep undercooling can be realized at lower cooling rates and last for a period of time, which makes the measurement of the thermodynamic properties of deep undercooled melts possible. In this paper several methods of containerless solidification techniques in common use are introduced, such as electromagnetic levitation, fluxing treatment, etc. and their application on the measurement of the thermodynamic properties of undercooled melts are expatiated. The investigation status of the thermodynamic properties of undercooled melts are analyzed, and its development trend is discussed.