线叶嵩草内生真菌抗植物病原真菌活性测定

Study on the antifungal activityof endophyticfungi from Kobresia capillifolia

从线叶嵩草Kobresia capillifolia中分离得到7株内生真菌，经过形态学方法鉴定有3株属于镰孢属Fusarium sp．，1株属于枝顶孢属Acremonium sp．，1株属于黑团抱霉属Periconia sp．，另外有2株未产孢，不能用形态学方法鉴定。测定这7株内生真菌在不同温度下的生长速度，并以棉花立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani（简称R-1）、小麦根腐离孺孢Bipolaris sorokiniana（简称B-1）、终极腐霉Pythium ultimum（简称P-1）和黄瓜枯萎病菌Fusarium oxysporum（简称F-1）作为试验菌进行了抑菌活性测定。结果表明，供试的内生真菌有71．43％表现出良好的喜低温生长的特性；7株菌株中有4株对小麦根腐离孺孢的抑制作用较强，菌株SY3的抑制作用最强，抑菌率达到了61I84％，抑菌区也在10mm以上；有4株对棉花立枯丝核菌有抑制作用，但抑制作用较弱，抑菌区亦不明显；时黄瓜枯萎病菌的抑制作用都较弱，抑菌区不明显；仅有1株对终极腐霉有较强抑制作用，抑菌率为13．75％，抑菌区也达到了5～10mm。

Seven endophytic fungi were isolated from Kobresia capillifolia （Decne.）, three of them belong to Fusariurn sp. , one belongs to Acrernoniurn sp. , one belongs to Periconia sp. , and the remaining two strains didn＇t bear spores, and can not be identified by morphological methods. The seven strains were measured of their colony growth rate. Moreover, their antifungal activities to 4 different plant pathogens including Rhizoctonia solani （R-1）, Bi polaris sorokiniana （B-1）, P ythiurn ultimum （P-1）and Fusariurn oxysporium （F-1） were tested. The results showed that 71.43% of the strains have good characteristics of living in low-temperature environment; Four of them had strong inhibition on B. sorokiniana, the strain SY3 had the strongest inhibition on B. sorokiniana, it＇s inhibitory rate was over 61.84% and it＇s inhibition area was beyond 10 mm; Four of them had weak inhibition on R. solani, their inhibitory rate were low, and inhibition areas were not obvious; The inhibition on F. oxysporium was pretty week, inhibition areas were not obvious; Only one strain had strong inhibition on P. ultimum, whose inhibitory rate was 13.75%, and the inhibition area was 5 to 10 mm.