政权悬浮与后税费改革时代的乡村治理困局

Regime Suspending and The Rural Governing Predicament during the Period of Post Tax-fee Reform

农村税费改革后,中央政府用巨大的财政资金补偿因为改革带来的财政缺口,农民直接从中受益,国家收获合法性。按照改革的设计,地方政府能够维持改革前的财政收支状况,但在实际过程中,农村地方政府,尤其是县乡村三级政府和组织,却受到了前所未有的巨大冲击,其中尤以乡镇政府为甚。其中最紧要的是国家与农民的关系发生改变;另一面中央与地方基层政府,尤其是县乡村的关系也发生深刻变化,乡村基层面临新的治理难题。

After the tax-fee reform in the countryside, the central government has spent large amount of financial fund to compen- sate the financial gap due to the reform,which has benefited the farmers directly and legalized the state income. According to the reform planning, the local government can maintain the financial income and expenses situation before the reform. However, during the practical process, the local rural government, especially the three-level governments and organizations of counties and villages, have been confronted with an unprecedented impact greatly, among which the county and town governments have suffered most. The most important is that the relationship between the state and the farmers are changing. Furthermore, the relationship between the central government and the local government, especially of the counties and villages, are changing profoundly. The primary vil- lages are facing with new governing problems.