南水北调中线工程交叉建筑物风险识别

Risk Identification for Crossing Structures in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project

以南水北调中线工程的特性为基础,将中线三大类交叉建筑物的失效模式总结为整体滑移与失稳、渗漏水和结构裂缝。从交叉建筑物的失效模式入手,分析导致交叉建筑物失效的直接原因,分别为地基不均匀沉降、应力超过材料强度、止水破损等8类,进一步识别其风险因子有洪水破坏、地震破坏、冰冻灾害、设计施工及运行养护不到位等4大类。本文研究为南水北调管理运行进一步的风险分析作铺垫,也为工程技术人员设计、施工提供参照。

The failure mechanisms of the three kinds of crossing structures （aqueducts, inverted siphons, culverts） are analyzed and the failure modes are decomposed into integrated structure failure, water leakage and crack. Based on the failure mode, the reason for failure is analyzed as uneven settlement of foundation, excess load of structure material, water seal damage and so on. At last the risk factors are summarized as flood, earthquake, frozen disasters and inappropriate action in design, construction and operation. This research is the basis for the further risk assessment and provides the engineers with a reference in design and construction.