开放式病房抑郁症患者自杀行为分析与对策

Analysis of the Suicidal Behavior among Depression Patients in the Open Wards and the Coping Strategy

目的探讨开放性心理病房抑郁症患者自杀行为的对策。方法将195例抑郁症患者自杀风险进行回顾性分析。结果自杀方式以割脉(33.3%)为多见,自杀多在春季(3-5月)(41.7%)、凌晨(50.0%)发生。有自杀史占16.4%,有抑郁家族史占10.8%。结论抑郁症患者多在春季、凌晨以割脉方式自杀,有自杀史和抑郁家族史者占多数。认为应对开放式心理病房抑郁症患者进行全面的风险评估;并对病房加强管理,控制可获得的致命工具;掌握病情,针对性做好安全护理以便有效预防抑郁症的自杀行为。

Objective To explore the strategy of coping with the suicidal behavior among depression patients in the open wards. Methods A retrospective study was made of the risks of 195 cases of suicides among depression patients. Results Mostly, the suicides were committed by vein cutting （33.3%）, and between Mar. and May （41.7%）, in small hours （50.0%）. Those who had the history of self-killing accounted for 16.4%, and 10.8% had the family history of depression. Conclusion Suicides are committed mostly in spring, in small hours and by vein cutting, and most of those who committed suicide had the history of self-killing or the family history of depression. In order to better prevent the suicides among depression patients, a risk assessment of the open mental ward should be made, and the management of the ward, strengthened, keeping what can be lethal out of the patient＇ s reach.