综合医院低年资护士社会支持与应对方式的相关性分析

Analysis of the Correlation between the Social Support for Junior Nurses of General Hospital and Their Coping Styles

目的了解临床低年资护士的社会支持与应对方式状况及两者的相关性。方法采用社会支持评定量表和简易应对方式问卷,对183名临床毕业5年以下的低年资护士进行调查。比较不同婚姻状况、不同学历组间社会支持、应对方式得分的差异,分析社会支持与应对方式得分相关性。结果本组低年资护士社会支持总分为(34.49±6.14)分,积极应对维度分为(2.00±0.58)分,消极应对维度为(1.63±0.49)分;客观支持、主观支持、社会支持总分与消极应对呈一定负相关(r分别是-0.29、-0.33、-0.36,均P<0.01);已婚护士社会支持总分较未婚护士高(P<0.01);大专护士社会支持总分与本科护士间差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论低年资护士社会支持总分与消极应对都处于中下水平,积极应对则处于中等水平,社会支持总分与消极应对呈负相关。护理管理者应重视年轻护士的心理健康状况,引导其学会恰当估计自己的应对能力,争取更多的社会支持,提高心理健康水平。

Objective To study the correlation between the social support status for junior clinical nurses and their coping styles. Methods 183 junior clinical nurses with less than 5 years＇ work length were surveyed with Social Support Rating Scale and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. Results The total social support score of the junior clinical nurses was （34.47±6.14）, with the score for the dimensions of positive and negative coping being （2.00±0.58） and （1.63±0.49）, respectively. The scores for the objective and subjective support, and the overall score for the social support were negatively correlated with the negative coping （r=-0.29,-0.33,-0.36, respectively; P〈0.01）. The overall score for the social support for married nurses was higher than that for the unmarried ones （P〈0.01）, but the difference between those with junior college education and those with undergraduate education was not statistically significant （P〉0.05）. Conclusion The total social support score and negative coping score of the junior nurses are on the middle level or below, while the positive coping score is in the middle level. The overall score for the social support is negatively correlated with the negative coping. The administration should pay attention to the mental health of the nurse, guide them in learning to assess their own coping ability properly and get more social support and thus improve their mental health.