巴泽尔的产权与国家理论述评

Review on the Property Rights and State Theory of Y.Barzel

巴泽尔认为由于交易费用的存在,产权出现了经济权利和法律权利两个维度,经济权利是人们实际享有的权利,法律权利是由国家提供保护并界定的权利。为了限制统治者的保护之手不至于成为掠夺之手,臣民必须在国家出现之前形成一种有效的集体行动机制。导致国家演进的原因一方面是由于国家在保护产权和实施合约方面的规模收益的变化,另一方面则来自于统治者和臣民们这两个权力中心力量对比的变化。

Barzel believes that because of the existence of transaction cost, property fights have two dimensions including economic fights and legal fights. Economic fights are the fights practically To restrain possessed by people, the interference of while legal rights are the fights defined and protected by nations. the rulers, people must form an effective collective action mechanism before the birth of a country. Reasons lead to the development of a nation, on the one hand, come from the change of the returns to scale of the country when protecting property fights and implementing contracts ; on the other hand, the change of the balance of power between rulers and citizens is another reason lead to the development of a country.