癔症患者心理防御机制的研究

Study on the defense styles in patients with hysteria

目的探讨癔症（HyS）患者的心理防御机制及其与患者个性特征的关系。方法HyS组30例，正常对照（NC）组66例，人组时按要求填写防御方式问卷（DSQ）和艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）。结果HyS患者投射、退缩和躯体化防御机制分和不成熟型防御因子分[分别为（3．64±1．45）分，（5．63±2．29）分，（5．33±2．36）分，（4．74±1．27）分]均高于NC组[分别为（2．61±1．09）分，（4．33±2．02）分，（3．86±1．60）分，（3．98±0．91）分]，差异具有显著性（均P〈0．01）。解除、理想化、假性利他、同一化防御机制分和中间型防御机制因子分也显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。压抑、幽默防御机制分、成熟防御因子分和掩饰因子分均显著低于正常对照组（P〈0．05）。EPQ结果：HyS患者精神质标准分、神经质标准分和掩饰标准分显著高于NC组（P〈0．01）]。内-外倾因子分与正常对照组比较差异不显著。相关分析结果：HyS患者组成熟型防御因子分与EPQ的SP分呈显著负相关。结论HyS患者使用不成熟和中间型防御机制的倾向明显，较少使用成熟防御机制；后者与患者不良的个性特征尤其是精神质个性特征有关。

Objective To explore psychological defense mechanism and its relationship with personality in patients with hysteria（HyS）. Method Both HyS patients （ n = 30） and normal control（ NC, n = 66） completed Defense Style Questionnaire （DSQ） and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） . Results The scores of projection, isolation, somatization and the factor scores of immature defenses were significantly higher in HyS patients （ 3.64 ± l. 45, 5.63 ± 2.29,5.33 ± 2.36 and 4.74 ± 1. 27, respectively ） than those in NC [ （ 2.61 ± 1.09, 4.33 ± 2.02, 3.86 ± 1.60 and 3.98 ±0.91, respectively） （ all P〈0.01 ） ]. The scores of undoing, idealization, pseudo-altruism and the factor scores of neurotic defenses were also significantly higher in HyS patients compared with NC（P〈0.01 ）. The scores of suppression, humor and the factor scores of mature defenses and the lie were found lower significantly in HyS patients compared with NC（P〈 0.05 ）. The scores of the neurotieism, psychoticism and lie subscale of EPQ in HyS patients were significantly higher than that of NC（P〈0.01 ）. The scores of extrovert subscale were not found difference significantly between HyS patients and NC. The results of correlation analysis showed that the scores of the psychoticism subscale of EPQ in HyS patients correlated negatively with the factor scores of mature mechanism and the scores of suppression. Conclusion The HyS patients were more likely than the normal control to endorse the immature mechanism and neurotic defense and less likely to endorse the mature mechanism, which related with unhealthy personality, especially the psychoticism.