影响学龄期儿童单纯性肥胖的行为因素研究

A research on behavioral factors influencing obesity in school age children

目的调查导致学龄期儿童单纯性肥胖的行为因素，为探讨行为干预对策提供理论依据。方法采取随机整群抽样法，抽取淄博市城区、农村各3所7～12岁学生3428名，进行调查研究。结果学龄期儿童单纯性肥胖的总检出率为10．88％（373／3428），城市儿童肥胖率为11．47％（207／1806），农村儿童为10．05％（166／1622），差异无显著性；男童总肥胖率为12．28％（217／1776），女童为9．39％（156／1662），男童与女童的肥胖率差异有显著性（χ2=6．830，P〈0．01）。不同年龄组肥胖检出率差异无显著性（χ2=1．26，P〉0．05）。Logistic回归分析显示：坐卧时间过长（看书作业、看电视、玩电脑游戏等）、不喜欢体育运动、进食速度快、喜欢肥腻肉食、不吃早餐、挑食偏食、常吃零食甜食、常吃快餐为主要危险行为因素，户外活动时间较长（每天〉2h）为保护性因素。结论学龄期儿童单纯性肥胖症发生率较高，与不良行为因素密切相关，家庭、学校应采取行为干预措施，以减少儿童单纯性肥胖的发生。

Objective To study the behavior factors which lead to simple obesity in school age children. Methods Adopting the method of random cluster sampling,3428 7 - 12 years old children from 3 schools in urban and rural areas were involved in the investigation. Results The total prevalence was 10.88% （373/3428）, the prevalence of obesity in urban children was 11.47% （207/1806） and in rural children was 10.05% （166/ 1622） （P〉 0.05）. The total prevalence of obesity among boys was 12.28% （217/1776） and among girls was 9.39% （156/1662）,there were significant difference between boys and girls（χ2 = 6. 830, p 〈 0.01 ）. No differences were observed among different age groups （χ2 = 1.26, P 〉 0.05 ）. Analysis of related factors showed that long sitting and lying time （ reading, homework, watching TV, playing game ） , dislike exercise, rapid intake, like eating fatstock meat, skipping breakfast, particular and picky about food,processed snack foods,fast foods were main dangerous behavioral factors, while long outdoor exercise time was protective factors （ everyday 〉 2 hours ）. Conclusion Incidence of obesity in school age children are high, and it is closely related to adverse behavior factors ,families and schools should take behavioral intervention measures to decrease the incidence of children simple obesity.