移民教育与社区文化重构——宁夏芦草洼吊庄移民的教育人类学透视

The Resettlement Education and the Reconstruction of Community Culture——A Perspective of the Anthropology of Education on the Resettlement Community of Lucaowa

移民吊庄是宁夏特有的社会现象,自20世纪80年代初期至今,先后经历了以扶贫为主的吊庄移民、以经济开发为主的经济开发区移民和正在进行中的以退耕还林为主的生态移民三个不同的发展阶段。移民必然引发文化变迁。社区文化经历着文化重构的过程。移民教育在其中发挥着重要的功能。一方面,对移民的再社会化、加速社区文化整合有着积极的意义;另一方面,对实现教育均衡发展、缩小同川区教育发展的差距、促进当地可持续发展有着重要意义。

Diaozhuang resettlement is a special social phenomenon in Ningxia. From the early of 1980＇s to the present, Ningxia resettlement experienced three different stages： Diaozhuang resettlement based on getting rid of poverty, economic development resettlement, and environmental resettlement. Resettlement will cause culture change, and the community culture will also face the reconstruction of culture. Resettlement education plays an important role and function in it. On one hand, it can accelerate community culture conformity and immigrant re-socialization; on the other hand, it can realize education equal development and narrow the difference between Yinchuan＇s different areas, which has positive significance on the community continuable development.