合同违约补救权利的思考

On the Rights of Remedies for the Breach of Contract

权利和义务相伴而生,"没有无义务的权利,也没有无权利的义务"。当违约方违约责任产生之时,与损方相对应的补救权利却因法律未明确授权而缺失,这既不利于受损方合同利益的保护,也影响了合同法律体系的合理与完善。中国合同立法应当充分考虑民事权利对等性,对受损方的违约补救权利要予以立法上的充分保护、高度尊重和必要限制。合同立法原则应以权利本位代替义务本位,应明确而直接赋予受损方以违约补救权利。

Rights and obligations are concomitant. ＂There＇s no right without obligation, and there＇s no obligation without right. ＂ When liabilities for the breach of contract arise, the injured party＇s remedial rights which correspond to those liabilities will be violated, because the law doesnt authorize it clearly, which is not good for the protection of the injured party＇s loss from contract and can affect the rationality and perfection of the legal system of the contract. The paper suggests that contract law in China should take the equivalence in civil rights into full consideration, effectively protect, highly respect and necessarily restrict the injured party＇s remedial rights for the breach of contract. The legislative principles of the contract law should be right-oriented instead of dutyoriented and clearly and directly grant the injured party＇s remedial rights.