丹尼列夫斯基与斯宾格勒的文明形态论之比较

A Comparative Study on Danilevsky's Civilization Morphology and Spengler's

丹尼列夫斯基(Danilevsky)与斯宾格勒(Spengler)均为现代思想巨匠,前者曾以振聋发聩的《俄罗斯与欧洲》轰动俄罗斯,但却不为西方社会所知;后者则因洋洋大观的《西方的没落》饮誉西方学界。两者虽同为"文化形态史观"之代表人物,其思想观点大同小异,但命运迥然。因此,将两者加以比较,对于史学研究本身是大有裨益之事。

Danilevsky and Spengler were both great thinkers in modern times, the former created a sensation in Russia owing to his influential book, Russia and Europe, but he and his book were not known in west society; the latter was famous in west academic circle for his monumental work, The decline of the West. Although Danilevsky and Spcngler were both representatives of “historical view of culture morphology” and their viewpoints were similar, but their fates were very different from each other. So it is quite valuable for historiography to draw a comparison between Danilevsky＇s Civilization Morphology and Spengler＇s.