表面活性剂和硅烷偶联剂有机复合改性蒙脱土的制备及性能表征

Preparation and characterization of organically compounding modified montmorillonite with surfactant and silane coupling agent

为增加蒙脱土与有机物的相容性,采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)与硅烷偶联剂(KH-560)对蒙脱土进行了有机复合改性。X-射线衍射和红外光谱的结果表明,CTAB已插入蒙脱土片层,平均层间距离从1.54 nm增大到3.98 nm和2.08 nm,而KH-560未插入蒙脱土片层,只是覆盖在蒙脱土表面,未改变蒙脱土的插层结构;分散性实验表明,表面活性剂和硅烷偶联剂有机复合改性的蒙脱土在苯乙烯、液体石蜡中的分散性好于其他改性蒙脱土;有机复合改性不仅增大了蒙脱土层间距,且改善了蒙脱土与聚氯乙烯的界面效果,提高了蒙脱土在聚氯乙烯基体中的分散均匀性,从而使聚氯乙烯/蒙脱土复合材料玻璃化转变温度的提高和力学性能的改善更明显。

To ensure good compatibility between polymer and montmorillonite （MMT）, the montmorillonite was organically compounding modified by using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） and silane coupling agent KH-560. The spectra of XRD and FT-IR showed that CTAB had intercalated into the layers of MMT, and the spacing of MMT layers increased from 1.54 nm to 3.98 nm and 2.08 nm, but silane coupling agent KH-560 had just covered the surface of MMT and not changed the intercalated structure; the dispersivity experiment showed that organically compounding modified MMT had better dispersibility in organic solvents such as styrene and paraffin wax;the organically compounding modification not only increased the spacing of MMT layers, but also improved the interfaeial effect and dispersible uniformity between MMT and polyvinyl chloride （PVC） which significantly improved glass transition temperature and mechanical properties of PVC/MMT composites.