后颅窝硬膜外血肿伤情特点与预后的关系(附57例报告)

Posterior Fossa Extradural Hematoma: Analysis of 57 Cases and a Prognostic Study

目的：探讨后颅窝硬膜外血肿伤情特点与预后的关系。方法：对我院1996年1月～2007年12月收治的57例后颅窝硬膜外血肿临床资料进行回顾性研究，分析不同变量并进行统计学处理。结果：本组入院时按格拉斯哥昏迷分级法（GCS）评分：轻型（13～15分）25例，中型（9～12分）22例，重型（3～8分）10例。本病预后与入院时GCS评分及头颅CT扫描提示有无脑积水密切相关，小儿患者的预后好于成年患者。结论：后颅窝硬膜外血肿相对少见，入院时GCS评分对于判断病情、及时诊治有重要意义，评分较高者可以暂时选择保守治疗。小儿患者预后好于成年患者，头颅CT扫描提示脑积水者病情危重。

Objective： To analyze the clinical characteristics, prognosis, and treatment of posterior fossa extradural hematoma （ EDH ）. Methods：The clinical data of 57 patients with PFEDH admitted into our hospital from Jan. 1996 to Dec. 2007 were retrospectively discussed and different variables were statistically analyzed. Results：GCS scores at admission were 25 low（ 13-15）, 22 medium （9-12）and l O high （3-8）. CGS scores at admission and prognosis and head CT scanning detected a close relation with the presence of hydrocephalus. Children had better prognosis than adults. Conclusion ：Posterior fossa EDH is rare. Favorable GCS scores have favorable prognosis . Patients with a favorable GCS score can choose a conservative approach. Children have better outcomes than adults and the presence of hydrocephalus on CT scan is an ominous sign.