卫星微波被动遥感云中液态水的研究进展

Advances in satellite passive microwave remote sensing of cloud liquid water.

卫星微波被动遥感云中液态水的研究在近30年中取得了较大的进展。卫星遥感仪器的不断进步、探测精度的不断提高为卫星微波被动遥感云中液态水提供了技术和资料保障,在此基础上针对卫星微波被动遥感云中液态水技术而发展的一些统计反演方法和物理反演方法不断地得到改进、完善和提高。文中主要就各个时期发展的主要反演方法做了简要回顾,概括了这些反演方法的关键技术,评述了各自的优点和局限性。由于海表和陆表的辐射特性的巨大差异,分别就海洋上空和陆地上空云中液态水的统计和物理反演技术方法进行了综述,并进行了比较。针对地表比辐射率这一制约陆地上空云中液态水反演技术发展的瓶颈问题,也进行了相关评述和讨论。

Great progress has been made on the satellite passive remote sensing of cloud liquid water in recent two or three decades. The advances in satellite passive remote sensors and the significant improvement in detecting precision offered both technique and data support for the satellite passive remote sensing of cloud liquid water, based on which some statistical retrieval methods and physical retrieval methods have been developed and improved. Some important retrieval methods developed in various periods of time are briefly reviewed here. Key techniques related to these retrieval methods are summarized, and the merits and limitations of each method are evaluated. Due to different radiative characteristics of ocean and land surface, the statistical and physical retrieval methods over ocean and over land are outlined seperatcly and then compared with each other. Some surveys and discussion are also made on the emissivity of land, which is a bottleneck restriction for the development of the retrieval technique of cloud liquid water over land