环境污染对自然资源的破坏──从惠州与肇庆农业增长的对比看大气污染造成的经济损失

DEGRADATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES BY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION──THE ECONOMIC LOSS CAUSED BY ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION THROUGH COMPARISON OF AGRICULTURAL GROWTH VARIATION IN HUIZHOU WITH THAT IN ZHAOQING

惠州市与肇庆市的相应5县（区）1980—1996年农业总产值对比表明，1983年以前惠州市5县（区）农业总产值和增长速度均略高于肇庆市的相应5县（区），但自1983年以后惠州市开始落后巨差距逐步拉大，至1987年以后农业总产值的差距达每年3亿元以上。深入分析表明，大气环境污染造成的酸雨可能是导致惠州市土地生产力降低的主要原因。伴随珠江三角洲经济高速发展产生的大气环境污染已经使惠州市自然资源的承载力大为降低，严重影响到这一区域的可持续发展，火电厂的脱硫除硝装置必须尽快安装，珠、港、澳地区跨界污染控制及其补偿与大气环境容量的区际分配必须提上议事日程。

A comparison of the total agricultural production (TAP) of the 5 counties in Huizhou with that of the corresponding 5 counties in Zhaoqing during the period from 1980 to 1996 indicated that the TAP and its growth rate of the 5 counties in Huizhou had been a little higher than those of the 5 corresponding counties in Zhaoqing before 1983, but were becoming lower than the latter since 1984, and becoming gradually lag behind since then, and its TAP were kept above 300 million yuan less than that of the latter every year since 1987. Detailed inveshgation shows that the acid rain caused by the atmospheric pollution may be the main cause for the lower productivity of the land in Huizhou. The atmospheric pollution arisen from rapid and extensive development of the economy in the Pearl River Delta region has already greatly reduced the load capacity of the natural resources in Huizhou and severely affected the sustainability of the regional development. The desulphurization and denitrification facilities must be installed as soon as possible. The trans-boundary pollution control and its compensation as well as the inter-regional allocation of the carry-capacity of the atmospheric environment among the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, Hong Kong and Macao must be placed on the agenda soon.