几种蔬菜汞富集能力的初步研究

Preliminary Study on the Accumulation of Mercury in Several Summer Vegetalbes

对莴苣、木耳菜、黄瓜、辣椒、豇豆、四季豆六种夏季蔬菜汞吸收能力研究发现，在田间自然状态下，六种蔬菜植株总汞平均含量为０．００３４７～０．００６３７ｍｇ／ｋｇ，其中辣椒总汞平均含量最高，黄瓜最低；其总汞在蔬菜各部位的分布量以可食部分为主，在叶菜类可食部分分布＞６８％、豆菜类及果菜类＞５９％。盆栽试验表明，三种幼苗中辣椒吸汞能力最强，莴苣最弱，但它在大气汞浓度为５６．７±１４．７ｎｇ／ｍ３下，叶片含汞０．０１２７ｍｇ／ｋｇ，超过食品卫生标准（ＧＢ２８６７－８７，０．０１ｍｇ／ｋｇＦＷ）；当土壤和大气的汞浓度同时很高时，蔬菜植株含汞量大幅增加，这必将使更多的汞进入食物链，并危害生态系统。

ix kinds of Summer vegetable including lettuce,red linespinach,cucumber,pepper,cow pea,green bean were studied in this paper.The results indicated that the average Hg content of the six kinds of vegetable were 0.00347～0.00637mg/kg in natural conditions,of which pepper was the highest and cucumber was the lowest in Hg content.The accumulated value of Hg in the edible parts was the highest in different parts of the six kinds of vegetable,of which Hg accumulated value was more than 68% in leaf vegetables and 59% in bean or fruit vegetables,respectively.The results of pot experinment showed that the Hg content in green pepper was the highest and that in the lettuce was the lowest among three seedings of vegetable.While the lettuce could accumulate 0.0127 mg Hg/kg in its leaves,and had been excess the Food Health Standard Value(GB186787,0.01mg/kg FW),under a relative high air Hg conditions(57.6ng Hg/m3)in pot experiment.The Hg content of the vegetable highly increased under a high air Hg and high soil Hg conditions.It implied that more Hg would transfer into food chain and harm the ecosystem.