煤炭开发与欠发达地区经济增长——对“资源诅咒”的再考察

Coal Exploitation and Development of Underdeveloped Coal——Rich Regions—Restudy On "Resource Curse"

我国煤炭大都集中分布在欠发达地区,因此煤炭资源开发与区域经济增长的关系研究成为资源经济和区域经济研究中的重要问题,而对"资源诅咒"及其传导机制的研究是这个问题的热点。本文利用贵州省地区层面面板数据控制了导致经济欠发达的非资源因素来单纯考察煤炭资源开发与当地经济发展的关系。实证结果发现在1997年之前,煤炭开发对经济增长存在负效应,且这种负效应主要源于不利的煤炭价格体系;1997年之后煤炭开发对经济增长率有着正相关的影响,且这种促进作用主要源于宏观的煤炭开发政策。本文的研究对理解"资源诅咒"现象在我国的发生特征,以及煤炭资源富集的欠发达地区经济发展问题具有一定的启示意义。

The relationship between coal exploitation and development of Underdeveloped Coal-Rich Regions (UCRR) is a significant field in the research of resource economics and regional economics. Using the panel data of Guizhou province,this paper restudies 'Resource Curse'. Through empirical analysis,we find that development strategy and price policy of coal resource have more influence on development of UCRR than the influence of coal industry itself. We maintain that resource exploitation does not become endogenous driving force of local economy,yet the policy shock has negative impacts on sustainable development of economy. Thus,we need to find a scientific and sustainable road to the development of resource economy,while evading occurrence of 'Resource Curse'.