产业集群与企业家才能——基于濮院羊毛衫产业的案例研究

Cluster and Entrepreneurship

企业家才能是实现工业化的重要因素。但是在发展中国家的工业化早期阶段,企业家才能是一种非常稀缺的资源。因而,通过何种机制充分动员和培育企业家才能是发展中国家在工业化早期面临的重要问题之一。本文认为产业集群通过分工将一种需要极高企业家才能的一体化生产组织形式,分解成了需要企业家才能较低的分工协作的生产组织形式,初始才能禀赋各异的潜在企业家可以通过这种分工协作制进入工业化生产,并且在一个动态的过程中,企业家才能得到了培育。本文首先建立了一个概念性模型阐述上述思想,然后利用濮院羊毛衫产业集群的案例调研材料例证了模型中的基本思想。

Entrepreneurship is one of the most important factors for industrialization,but it is a scarce resource at early phase of industrialization in developing countries. We argue in this paper that,through clustering,an integrated production process can be divided into many incremental steps,resulting in lower entrepreneurship entry barriers. The cluster has made better use of the entrepreneurial talents scattered in the developing countries. We established a theoretical framework to show that there is a wide range of Entrepreneurship options in the cluster. By conducting an in-depth case study on a fast-growing cashmere sweater cluster in Puyuan,we proved our theory.