中国农业问题转换及政策导向研究

Research of Agricultural Problem Transforming and Policy Guide in China

农村改革30年,我国农村基本解决了贫困问题,但还没有解决好发展问题而陷于低水平均衡状态中。本文简要回顾了建国以来农业政策的演进,归纳了我国当前农业问题的三大特征,认为我国仍然处于工业剥夺农业与工业反哺农业的交替阶段。在此阶段迫切需要以明确的政策来保障农业的基础产业地位和农民享受平等的发展权;为防止对农业政策目标的异化,需要在宏观政策体系中理顺农业与其他政策目标的关系,并重点在农业系统内部研究确定能够有效打破低水平均衡的突破口。

During the 30 years of rural reformation,the problem of poverty has been basically solved in rural areas. However, for the problem of development, the situation of agriculture now is stay in a low-level equilibrium. This paper reviews the evolution of agricultural policies since 1949, summarizes three major characteristics of current agricultural issues in our country, and considers that China still in the alternating phase from industry depriving agriculture to industry re-feeding agriculture. In this phase, clear policies are urgently needed to protect the status of agriculture as basic industry and to protect the equality of farmers＇ development. In order to prevent the alienation of agricultural policy objectives, the relationship of agriculture and other policy objectives should be straightened out in macro policy system, then internal research in the agricultural system should be focused on to find out a breakthrough of the low-level equilibrium effectively.