基于GIS的北京市城郊农村土地利用格局分析

Land Use Patterns Analysis Based on GIS in Suburban Area of Beijing City

以Spot卫星影像为基础数据源,基于GIS空间分析方法和景观生态学原理,分析了北京大兴区农村土地利用空间格局。结果表明:该区设施农业、畜禽养殖和园地用地布局与居民地和道路间的空间相关性强,而水体对其布局的影响较弱,表明交通便利性是上述用地布局的重要依据;畜禽养殖用地与居民点和道路距离太近,布局明显不合理,且用于消纳畜禽养殖废弃物的农用地缺乏,存在较高的污染风险,需要控制畜禽养殖用地规模,提高用地集约化水平,并充分考虑防疫和生态环境因素进行布局优化。

Taking Spot imagery as main data sources, this paper analyzed the land use structure, spatial distribution and spatial relationship between land-use types in Daxing district, Beijing. Result shows that Waffle convenience is the main factor to site selection for protected agriculture, livestock farm, and orchard land, water dependency is relatively low because the groundwater is the main water sources in these area; the spatial distribution of livestock farm is unreasonable, moreover, there are lack of agricultural land to assimilate livestock＇s waste, so there have severe risk of no-point pollution, therefore, there need to control the scale of land for livestock farm, increase intensive level and rearrange the layout of livestock farm considering the epidemic prevention and protection.