丙烯腈事故泄漏对大亚湾水质影响的模拟研究

Simulation of the Impact of AccidentalSpillage of Acylonitrle on theWater Quality in the Daya Bay

丙烯腈是一种常见的化工原料,其密度比水小,具一定的溶解性和挥发性;由于其在水中毒性较大,意外泄漏到水面后,将对水质造成一定的影响。本文以广东大亚湾某化工码头的丙烯腈事故泄漏为例,利用扩展漂移模型和对流扩散模型,模拟丙烯腈事故泄漏后在水域中的变化过程,以及对大亚湾水质的影响范围和程度。结果表明:1 )丙烯腈在海水中分布范围与其在海面的漂移轨迹基本一致;2)因漂移作用迅速,海水中高浓度范围不大;3)当丙烯腈漂移受到岛屿或岸线阻挡时,海水中高浓度范围相对较大;4)丙烯腈事故泄漏对大亚湾水质的影响较大。

Acylonitrle is a kind of common industrial chemicals , which dissolve in water , and volatilize in air . Its density is smaller than water. Being toxic in water, Acylonitrle will affect water qaulity when an accidental spillage happens. A proposed wharf of industrial chemicals (Acylonitrle) will be located on the northern water area of the Daya Bay which is a natural conservation zone of aquatic resources . A spreading-drifting model and a diffusion-transportation model are used to simulate the variation course of accidental spillage of Acylonitrle and predict its impact range and extent on water quality in the Daya Bay. The research results demonstrate that: ①The distribution range of concentration of Acylonitrle in water is similar to its trace of drifting. ②The range of high concentration in water is not large generally because of rapid drifting . ③When the drifting of Acylonitrle is blocked by island or coast, the rang of high concentration is relatively large . (1) The impact of accidental spillages of Acylonitrle on water qulity in the Daya Bay is generally serious.