清末四川留日速成师范教育及其影响

Speeded-up Normal Education of Sichuan Students in Japan During the Late Qing Dynasty and Its Influence

清廷实行改书院、兴学堂的新政后,督抚士绅将选派留日师范生作为弭祸、兴国、造民、立教的重要手段来提倡,《学务纲要》更是极力倡导各省速派人员到东洋学习师范,四川留日师范教育因此得以发展起来,且规模较大、人数较多。四川留日师范学生大多在日本接受的是为期半年或一年的速成教育,不仅新学知识参差不齐,而且与传统文化存在疏离和冲突,部分人回国前后加入了同盟会并积极为四川引进民主革命思想与日本教育资源,大多数人回国后从事基层教育工作,部分优秀者还出任省县视学、地方军政官员等职,给四川教育转型、思想学术变迁、社会政治变革带来了不容忽视的影响。

Since the Late Qing Xinzheng Revolution and its educational reform, local officials, scholars and gentry advocate student-selection for normal education in Japan as an important means of misfortune-removing, state-prospering, citizen-cultivating and education-establishing, and Xue Wu Gang Yao especially encourages various provinces to take such measures quickly, in which circumstances normal education of Sichuan students in Japan develops rapidly on a large scale with a large number of students, which in turn has influences upon Sichuan＇s education transformation, ideological and academic changes and social and political reforms.