英国双重科研资助体系下的科技评估及其经验借鉴

The implications from UK R&D evaluation practice based on dual support system

通过对英国科技活动的资助和评估体系的分析,以及与英国科技管理部门和科技评估专家的交流,我们发现:1.在英国新的绩效管理框架下,英国的双重资助体系中,无论英国研究理事会还是高等教育资助委员会,都已将评估作为其管理的重要环节;2.英国在采用国际通行的评估框架和评估方法的基础上,开始探索以证据为基础的影响评估和群体性项目评估;3.英国在评估社会化程度很高的环境下,不少部门和管理机构都有内部评估机构,并十分重视发挥自评估的作用;4.英国的评估专家也遇到我国科技评估中遇到同样的问题与困难。如监测评估数据采集的困难,对影响的评估具有较大的挑战性等。

Through the analysis of the UK R＆D support system and their R＆D evaluation practice and the academic exchange between UK and Chinese experts, some findings and conclusions are summarized as following： Firstly, within RCUK and HEFCE and under UK New Performance Management Framework, evaluations are introduced as important management tools; Secondly, the evaluation frame- work and methodologies used in UK R＆D evaluation are basically similar with those used in EU Commission, European countries and US, and UK evaluator had began to develop the ＇evidence -based＇ impact evaluation and projectcluster evaluation. Thirdly, government departments, administrations and institutes establish the in - house evaluation units who are responsible for the management, procurement or implementation of the evaluation work although external evaluations are so popular in UK. Fourthly, evaluators from UK confront similar difficulties and problems as Chinese evaluators do; examples can be that it is difficult to collect data and there is challenge when implementing impact evaluation.