聚集还是分散:中美创新活动区域分布比较

Concentrated or dispersed:a comparison of the regional distribution of innovative activities in China and the U.S.

在中国"增强自主创新能力,建设创新型国家"的战略背景下,以中国作为发展中国家的典型代表和美国进行创新活动区域分布的比较,为中国以及其他发展中国家的创新活动区域分布提供建议。以发明专利为创新活动指标,基于来自中国国家知识产权局和美国专利商标局网站的数据,本文运用排序—频度、集中度和排序分类等方法对中美创新的区域分布进行了比较。研究结果表明中国发明专利增长率较快,变化幅度较大,美国相对平稳;中国发明专利地区分布差异大于美国,中美两国创新活动分布均呈现区域集聚的态势,并且具有从中部地区向沿海地区聚集的趋势。

In order to enhance the independent innovation and help build China as an innovation - driven country, this article compares the regional distribution of innovative activities between China （representing a typical developing country） and the United States. We also provide some recommendations for China and other developing countries to optimize the regional distribution of their innovative activities. Using invention patents from the websites of the Chinese State Intellectual Property Office and the United States Patent and Trademark Office as an indicator, this paper compares the regional distribution of innovation of China and the U. S. by methods such as rank -frequency, concentration and classification. The results show that China~ invention patents have experienced rapid growth and significant fluctuation in recent years, while the United States is relatively stable. The dispersion of patent distribution in China is more obvious than the United States, and there is a concentrated trend for innovation activities in both China and the United States from the central areas to the coastal regions.