商品房地下室权属法律问题研究

Legal study of the ownership of commercial residential building basement

在人们住房空间极其紧张的情况下,《物权法》未对与商品房业主福祉关系密切的商品房地下室所有权做出明确判定,而人们对于物权的概念也存在一些误解,围绕其产生的许多纠纷也不断见诸报端。对商品房地下室中规划属于人防工程部分,一般认为属于国有,事实上,人防资产并不等同于国防资产,承认其非国有性并不影响其人防使用功能,简单地将其归为国有,不可避免地将置《人民防空国有资产管理规定》于违背宪法和立法法的尴尬境地,应根据谁投资,谁受益的原则确认其权利归属。其他部分地下室,依据地下室建设成本是否纳入销售价格,将其作为地下室权属判断标准,是使用经济学的观点来代替法律的推理,而将商品房地下室一概纳入商品房面积公摊范围是没有根据的,但对于已经纳入面积公摊范围的,应确认其业主共有权。

Although the dwelling space is very limited, the ownership of commercial residential huilding hasement hash＇ t been exphcitly stipulated in Real Right Law of the People s Republic of China. Meanwhile, there are some misunderstandings about the concept of ownership, about which many disputes are raised. Planned air raid shelters of the basement doesn＇ t naturally belong to the state, which ownership should be determined according to the investment. The other parts of the basement which was public area to be shared shall be commonly owned by all the owners, whether the construction cost was contained in the sale price or not has no definite relations with the ownership of the basement, which cannot be taken as criteria to determine the ownership of the basement.