山西省介休市农村育龄妇女避孕失败及不良反应的调查研究

A survey study on the situation of contraceptive failure and adverse reactions among rural reproductive age women in Jiexiu City

目的了解介休市农村已婚育龄妇女不同避孕节育措施失败率及不良反应的发生情况,为指导在知情选择的前提下开展避孕节育措施提供科学依据。方法对介休市所有已婚农村育龄妇女于2002—2005年采取输卵管结扎术、宫内节育器、避孕药具3种避孕措施的避孕失败、不良反应等情况进行调查,采用SPSS13.0软件进行资料分析。结果采取避孕药具、放置宫内节育器、输卵管结扎术3种避孕方法的避孕失败率经χ2检验,差异有统计学意义(χ2=327.26,P<0.01),不良反应发生率在3种避孕方法组间的差异也有统计学意义(χ2=6283.63,P<0.01),避孕失败率和不良反应发生率均以输卵管结扎术组为最低。在市计划生育妇幼保健服务中心、乡镇卫生所及其他医疗机构等不同地点接受宫内节育器放置术后的失败率,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.054,P>0.05)。结论输卵管结扎术较宫内节育器、避孕药具的安全性、有效性较高。

Objective To understand the state about failure rates and the incidence of adverse reactions after adopting different contraceptive measures among reproductive age and married women in countryside of Jiexiu City. It＇s to provide evidences for decision- making under informed choice for them to select optimization contraceptive measures. Methods During 2002 to 2005, the state of contraceptive failure and adverse reactions was carried out by a questionnaire survey among all reproductive age and married women who adopted tubal ligation, IUD, contraceptive drugs in rural areas. Results The contraceptive failure rate in group of IUD, tubal ligation contraceptive were tested by the chi-square test, showed statistically significant differences （X^2=327.26, P〈0.01） and the adverse reactions rate of three different contraceptive methods also showed significant differences （X^2= 6283.63, P〈0.01 ）. Tubal ligation had the lowest incidence of contraceptive failure and adverse reactions. Three different places where surgery of positioned IUD was taken had no significant difference （X^2=0.054, P〉0.05）. Conclusion The security and validity of tubal ligation is higher than that of IUD and contraceptive drugs.