基于生态位测度的关键种企业作用前提研究

Premise of Keystone Enterprise's Function Based on Measurement of Ecology Niche

关键种企业是企业群落内开展废料、副产品交换等工业共生活动所不可或缺的重要动力,本文借助"生物生态位"理论对典型企业群落的企业生态位进行了测度,并据此对群落内的关键种企业进行了识别。另外,采用"物种生态关联度"计算方法对典型企业群落的生态、产业关联度进行了测算。在获得上述两个指标数据的基础上,结合典型企业群落中产业类型数量、产业链数量、工业食物链数量等统计数据,分别对生态关联度——企业生态位、产业关联度——生态关联度、企业类数——生态关联度等两两因素间的作用关系进行了相关性研究。研究发现:企业群落的生态关联度决定了工业共生体的规模及稳定性,而在历史与现实的各类诱因下,生态关联效应的形成却表现出较强的偶然性。本研究结论对于认识生态工业发展的本质面貌、制定合理的生态产业政策具有重要的启示作用。

Keystone enterprise is an indispensable power to propel industrial symbiosis actions such as exchange of by-product and waster in enterprise community. In this article, keystone enterprises of typical communities were identified by measuring the niche of enterprise. The article also measured the ecologic correlation degree of a enterprise community by using Species Ecologic Correlation Degree Calculation Method. On the basis of obtaining data of above two indexes, combining with the statistic data of enterprise type number, industry chain number and industrial food chain number in a enterprise community, this article did respectively correlation study on the function relation between couple factors, such as ecology correlation-enterprise＇ s niche, industry correlation-ecology correlation and enterprise type numberecology correlation. This study found that industry symbiosis＇ s stability and scale were decided by ecology correlation of enterprise community; however, under the historic and realistic causalities, the forming of ecology correlation reveals obvious fortuity, and this conclusion would have important enlightenment function for recognizing the essence appearance of ecology industry development and planning rational policies of ecology industry （EI）.